Контрольная Контрольная по переводу англ.яз., номер: 98928

"1. Определите единицу перевода в данном тексте и способ перевода. Дайте свой вариант перевода, обращая внимание на функциональные компоненты словообразования «Bread-and-butter-fly»

Текст
‘And then there's the Butterfly,’ Alice went on...
‘Crawling at your feet’, said the Gnat (Alice drew her feet back in some alarm), ‘you may observe a Bread-and-butter-fly. It’s wings are thin slices of bread-and-butter, its body is a crust, and its head is a lump of sugar.’ And what does it live on?’ ‘Weak tea with cream in it.’
A new difficulty came into Alice's head. ‘Supposing it couldn't find any?’ she sug-gested. ‘Then it would die, of course’
‘But that must happen very often. Alice remarked thoughtfully. ‘It always hap-pens,’ said the Gnat.
2. Определите единицу перевода в отрывке из романа Дэвида Лоджа “Going Places”. 3. Определите способ перевода для данного текста. Какая информация, по вашему мнению, может быть избыточной при функциональном переводе. Переведите тексты.

№ 1.
Текст
Экономист, государственный и общественный деятель. Из рода рее-стровых казаков. Окончил финансово-экономический институт и сразу же начал трудовую жизнь заместителем главного бухгалтера в селе Яровое Ко-совского района на Ивано-Франковщине. (Московский комсомолец)
№ 2
Текст
The Ten Commandments, David Letterman’s Top Ten and People’s50 Most Beautiful People made cut in the Entertainment Weekly 50, though not Robert Maynard Hutchin’s Great Books of the Western World (New York Times).
4. Изучите перевод отрывка из романа Дж. Ле Карре «Портной из Панамы» и определите способы перевода. Сделайте свой перевод.

It was a perfectly ordinary Friday afternoon in tropical Panama until An-drew Osnard barged into Harry Pendel's shop asking to be measured for a suit. When he barged in, Pendel was one person. By the time he barged out again Pen-del was another. Total time elapsed: seventy-seven minutes according to mahoga-ny-cased clock by Samuel Collier of Eccles, one of the many historic features of the house of Pendel & Braithwaite Co. Limitada, Tailors to Royalty, formaly of Savile Row, London, and presently of the Via Espana, Panama City. Or just off it. As near to Espana as made no difference. And P & В for short.
5. Переведите текст
NEW YORK – After having twins last November, Julia Roberts is even more beautiful, according to People magazine. '
The actress graces the cover of People's annual ""50 Most Beautiful People"" issue, on newsstands Friday. It is a record-breaking third time that Roberts has been the issue's covergirl.
""Now that she has her babies, she has reached the peak of beauty,"" the mag-azine quotes Roberts' friend and makeup artist Genevieve. ""She is satisfied and content. All oftfiat shows.""
Roberts, 37, gave birth to twins Phinnaeus and Hazel with husband-cameraman Daniel Moder last year. It is the actress' record ninth time on the list, a feat mirrored only by Halle Berry, who is also in the issue. This year, People al-so polled online readers for their opinions. With more than 500,000 votes cast, Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie were the overwhelming winners of most beautiful man and woman. The two have recently been linked romantically by tabloid re-ports, though neither star has confirmed a relationship. Also making the list are Jennifer Aniston, Oprah Winfrey, Lindsay Lohan and Jamie Foxx. Newcomers in-clude Eva Longoria of ""Desperate Housewives,"" Miami Heat basketball player Dwyane Wade and Mischa Barton of ""The O.C.""
Some famous couples were also chosen: model Heidi Klum and her fiance Seal, Penelope Cruz and Matthew McConaughey, and Jude Law and Sienna Miller.
Лексические приемы перевода. Переводческая транслитерация и транс-крипция

Упражнение 5: Найдите в английском тексте транскрипции древнегрече-ских имен и определите их русские соответствия при переводе. Сопоставь-те английский и русский варианты этих имен и прокомментируйте разли-чия. Какие исторические комментарии могут понадобиться для понимания текста?

When Schliemann read Homer's description of the Gorgon shield of Agamemnon and was told that the buckler strap had been decorated with a figure of a three-headed snake, he accepted all this as gospel truth. The chariots, weapons, and household articles portrayed in detail by Homer were for him part and parcel of ancient Greece. Were all these heroes - Achilles and Patroclus, Hector and Æneas - and this pageant of friendship, hate, love, and high adventure, nothing but mere invention? Schliemann did not think so; to his mind such people and such scenes had actually existed. He was conscious that all Greek antiquity, including the great historians Herodotus and Thukidides, had accepted the Trojan War as an actual event, and its famous names as historical personages.
Упражнение 3: Определите, какие из единиц данного текста подлежат пе-реводческой транскрипции. Переводя текст на английский язык, следите, чтобы транскрибированные единицы естественно вписывались в переводной текст. Определите характер транскрипции и меру ее автономности.

Текст
Весной 1710 года Петр пожинал военные плоды Полтавской победы. Рус-ские армии, не встречая сопротивления, прокатились по балтийским про-винциям Швеции. В то время, как на юге 30-тысячная армия Шереметева осаждала Ригу, на северо-запад Петр послал генерал-адмирала Федора Ап-раксина, только что ставшего графом и тайным советником. Во главе 18-тысячного войска он должен был осадить Выборг - город на Карельском пе-решейке, в семидесяти пяти милях к северо-западу от Петербурга. В 1706 году русские войска безуспешно пытались захватить Выборг с суши, но те-перь у них появились новые возможности - на радость Петру, вырос и окреп Балтийский флот. Ознакомившись с планом осады, Петр повелел Апраксину взять город во что бы то ни стало, а сам на небольшом суденышке вернулся в Петербург. 13 июня 1710 года Выборг с гарнизоном в 154 офицера и 3726 солдат сдался Апраксину, и к северу от Петербурга возникла стомильная защитная полоса.
Упражнение 4. Определить способ перевода выделенных слов – калькирова-ние или транслитерация. Перевести текст

The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standardized Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private and public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope that are linked by copper wires, fiber-optic cables, wireless connections, and other technologies. The Internet carries a vast array of information resources and services, most notably the inter-linked hypertext documents (калькирование) of the World Wide Web (WWW) (калькирование) and the infrastructure to support electronic mail. In addition it supports popular services such as online chat (каль-кирование), file transfer (калькирование) and file sharing (калькирование), gaming (калькирование), commerce (калькирование), social networking (каль-кирование), publishing (калькирование), video (транслитерация) on demand, and teleconferencing (калькирование) and telecommunications (калькирование). Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) (калькирование) applications allow person-to-person communication via voice and video.
The opening of the network to commercial interests began in 1988. The US Federal Networking Council approved the interconnection of the NSFNET to the commercial MCI Mail system in that year and the link was made in the summer of 1989. Other commercial electronic e-mail services were soon connected, including OnTyme (транслитерация), Telemail (калькирование) and Compuserve (транслитерация). In that same year, three commercial Internet service providers (ISPs) (калькирование) were created: UUNET, PSINet and CERFNET (транслитерация). Important, separate networks that offered gateways (калькирование) into, then later merged with, the Internet include Usenet (транслитерация) and BITNET (транслитерация). Various other commercial and educational networks, such as Telenet, Tymnet (транслитерация), Compuserve (транслитерация) and JANET (транслитерация) were interconnected with the growing Internet. Telenet (later called Sprintnet) was a large privately funded national computer network with free dial-up access (калькирование) in cities throughout the U.S. that had been in operation since the 1970s. This network was eventually interconnected with the others in the 1980s as the TCP/IP protocol (транслитерация) became increasingly popular. The ability of TCP/IP (транслитерация) to work over virtually any pre-existing communication networks allowed for a great ease of growth, although the rapid growth of the Internet was due primarily to the availability of an array of standardized commercial routers from many companies, the availability of commercial Ethernet equipment (калькирование) for local-area networking, and the widespread implementation and rigorous standardization of TCP/IP (транслитерация) on UNIX (транслитерация) and virtually every other common operating system.
"